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The neurological effects of the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) raise concerns about potential long-term consequences, such as an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Neuroinflammation and other ...
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a serious complication of otherwise curative allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplants. Chronic GVHD induces pathological changes in peripheral organs as well as the b...
Ischemic stroke is a major global health issue and characterized by acute vascular dysfunction and subsequent neuroinflammation. However, the relationship between these processes remains elusive. In the curren...
G protein-coupled receptor 120 (GPR120, Ffar4) is a sensor for long-chain fatty acids including omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) known for beneficial effects on inflammation, metabolism, and moo...
Acute hyperbaric O2 (HBO) therapy after spinal cord injury (SCI) can reduce inflammation and increase neuronal survival. To our knowledge, it is unknown if these benefits of HBO require hyperbaric vs. normobaric ...
Inflammasomes in astrocytes have been shown to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cannabinoid Receptor 2(CB2R),...
Cognitive impairment is associated with dysregulated immune responses. Emerging evidence indicates that Th17 cells and their characteristic cytokine-IL-17 are receiving growing interest in the pathogenesis of ...
Excess tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is implicated in the pathogenesis of hyperinflammatory experimental cerebral malaria (eCM), including gliosis, increased levels of fibrin(ogen) in the brain, behavioral chang...
Reinstating inflammation resolution represents an innovative concept to regain inflammation control in diseases marked by chronic inflammation. While most therapeutics target inflammatory molecules and inflamm...
Pathological neovascularization is a pivotal biological process in wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), in which macrophage...
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that involves B-cell receptor signaling as well as astrocyte–microglia interaction, which both...
Late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD) is the most common form of dementia; it disproportionally affects women in terms of both incidence rates and severity of progression. The cellular and molecular mechanisms...
Some studies have shown that gut microbiota may be associated with dementia. However, the causal effects between gut microbiota and different types of dementia and whether cytokines act as a mediator remain un...
The involvement of the autonomic nervous system in the regulation of inflammation is an emerging concept with significant potential for clinical applications. Recent studies demonstrate that stimulating the va...
Redox imbalance and inflammation have been proposed as the principal mechanisms of damage in the auditory system, resulting in functional alterations and hearing loss. Microglia and astrocytes play a crucial r...
A key pathological factor of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most prevalent form of age-related dementia in the world, is excessive β-amyloid protein (Aβ) in extracellular aggregation in the brain. And in the pe...
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common but severe psychiatric illness characterized by depressive mood and diminished interest. Both nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine-rich repeat and pyri...
Widescale evidence points to the involvement of glia and immune pathways in the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD-associated iPSC-derived glial cells show a diverse range of AD-related phenotypic sta...
Progressive brain diseases create a huge social and economic burden on modern societies as a major cause of disability and death. Incidence of brain diseases has a significantly increasing trend and merits new...
Sepsis is a life-threatening state that arises due to a hyperactive inflammatory response stimulated by infection and rarely other insults (e.g., non-infections tissue injury). Although changes in several proi...
Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease characterized by pathogenic antibodies that target structures of the neuromuscular junction. However, some patients also experience autonomic dysfunction, anxiety, de...
The tetracycline transactivator (tTA) system provides controllable transgene expression through oral administration of the broad-spectrum antibiotic doxycycline. Antibiotic treatment for transgene control in m...
The hypothalamus is a brain structure that is deputed to maintain organism homeostasis by regulating autonomic function and hormonal production as part of the neuroendocrine system. Dysfunction in hypothalamic...
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent cell death mechanism involving the accumulation of lipid peroxides. As a critical regulator, glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) has been demonstrated to be downregulated in epilep...
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a key contributor to global morbidity that lacks effective treatments. Microbial infections are common in TBI patients, and their presence could modify the physiological respons...
Hepcidin is the master regulator of iron homeostasis. Hepcidin downregulation has been demonstrated in the brains of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. However, the mechanism underlying the role of hepcidin do...
Preterm birth is often associated with chorioamnionitis and leads to increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism. Preterm birth can lead to cerebellar underdevelopment, but the mechanisms of...
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an adult-onset progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of upper and lower motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. Accumulating evidence sugge...
Lipoxins are small lipids that are potent endogenous mediators of systemic inflammation resolution in a variety of diseases. We previously reported that Lipoxins A4 and B4 (LXA4 and LXB4) have protective activiti...
Microglia, the CNS-resident immune cells, are implicated in many neurological diseases. Nearly one in six of the world’s population suffers from neurological disorders, encompassing neurodegenerative and neuro...
The original article was published in Journal of Neuroinflammation 2022 19:193
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by neuroinflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration. Considering the increasing prevalence amon...
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is invariably associated with the chronic accumulation of activated mononuclear phagocytes in the subretinal space. The mononuclear phagocytes are composed of microglial ...
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) develops after injury and is characterized by disproportionate pain, oedema, and functional loss. CRPS has clinical signs of neuropathy as well as neurogenic inflammation....
Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis virus (VEEV) may enter the central nervous system (CNS) within olfactory sensory neurons (OSN) that originate in the nasal cavity after intranasal exposure. While it is known that V...
Fibromyalgia is characterized by chronic pain, fatigue, and other somatic symptoms. We have recently revealed that proprioceptor hyperactivation induces chronic pain in a rat model of myalgic encephalomyelitis...
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced in inbred rodents, i.e., genetically identical animals kept under identical environmental conditions, shows variable clinical outcomes. We investigated s...
Sympathoexcitation contributes to myocardial remodeling in heart failure (HF). Increased circulating pro-inflammatory mediators directly act on the Subfornical organ (SFO), the cardiovascular autonomic center,...
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by the infiltration of inflammatory cells and demyelination of nerves. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis o...
Demyelination and failure of remyelination in the central nervous system (CNS) characterize a number of neurological disorders. Spontaneous remyelination in demyelinating diseases is limited, as oligodendrocyt...
18-kDa translocator protein position-emission-tomography (TSPO-PET) imaging emerged for in vivo assessment of neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) research. Sex and obesity effects on TSPO-PET binding...
The only validated treatment to prevent brain damage associated with hypoxia–ischemia (HI) encephalopathy of the newborn is controlled hypothermia with limited benefits. Additional putative neuroprotective dru...
Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are neurodegenerative disorders caused by the interaction of genetic, environmental, and familial factors. These diseases have distinct pathologies and sym...
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is considered a primarily microvascular complication of diabetes. Müller glia cells are at the centre of the retinal neurovascular unit and play a critical role in DR. We therefore in...
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neuroinflammatory demyelinating disease characterized by motor deficits and cognitive decline. Many immune aspects of the disease are understood through studies in the experimental...
Microglia is the major contributor of post-stroke neuroinflammation cascade and the crucial cellular target for the treatment of ischemic stroke. Currently, the endogenous mechanism underlying microglial activ...
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is an acute cerebral dysfunction caused by sepsis. Neuroinflammation induced by sepsis is considered a potential mechanism of SAE; however, very little is known about the...
Neuroinflammation is a key driver of neurodegenerative disease, however the tools available to model this disease biology at the systems level are lacking. We describe a translational drug discovery platform b...
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis (HSE) is a serious and potentially life-threatening disease, affecting both adults and newborns. Progress in understanding the virus and host factors involved in neonata...
Neuroinflammation is a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), characterized by the stimulation of resident immune cells of the brain and the penetration of peripheral immune cells. These inflammato...
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Journal of Neuroinflammation